We are free to select tags to our liking, so are to build an XML structure, whether it is element-based, where there is almost no attributes in the XML tree (see the following exmample) or attribute-based (converted by XSLT code to be shown below).
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <catalog> <cd> <title>Empire Burlesque</title> <artist>Bob Dylan</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Columbia</company> <price>10.90</price> <year>1985</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Hide your heart</title> <artist>Bonnie Tyler</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>CBS Records</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1988</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Greatest Hits</title> <artist>Dolly Parton</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>RCA</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1982</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Still got the blues</title> <artist>Gary Moore</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Virgin records</company> <price>10.20</price> <year>1990</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Eros</title> <artist>Eros Ramazzotti</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>BMG</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1997</year> </cd> <cd> <title>One night only</title> <artist>Bee Gees</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Polydor</company> <price>10.90</price> <year>1998</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Sylvias Mother</title> <artist>Dr.Hook</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>CBS</company> <price>8.10</price> <year>1973</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Maggie May</title> <artist>Rod Stewart</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Pickwick</company> <price>8.50</price> <year>1990</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Romanza</title> <artist>Andrea Bocelli</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>Polydor</company> <price>10.80</price> <year>1996</year> </cd> <cd> <title>When a man loves a woman</title> <artist>Percy Sledge</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Atlantic</company> <price>8.70</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Black angel</title> <artist>Savage Rose</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>Mega</company> <price>10.90</price> <year>1995</year> </cd> <cd> <title>1999 Grammy Nominees</title> <artist>Many</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Grammy</company> <price>10.20</price> <year>1999</year> </cd> <cd> <title>For the good times</title> <artist>Kenny Rogers</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Mucik Master</company> <price>8.70</price> <year>1995</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Big Willie style</title> <artist>Will Smith</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Columbia</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1997</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Tupelo Honey</title> <artist>Van Morrison</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Polydor</company> <price>8.20</price> <year>1971</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Soulsville</title> <artist>Jorn Hoel</artist> <country>Norway</country> <company>WEA</company> <price>7.90</price> <year>1996</year> </cd> <cd> <title>The very best of</title> <artist>Cat Stevens</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Island</company> <price>8.90</price> <year>1990</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Stop</title> <artist>Sam Brown</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>A and M</company> <price>8.90</price> <year>1988</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Bridge of Spies</title> <artist>T`Pau</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Siren</company> <price>7.90</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Private Dancer</title> <artist>Tina Turner</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Capitol</company> <price>8.90</price> <year>1983</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Midt om natten</title> <artist>Kim Larsen</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>Medley</company> <price>7.80</price> <year>1983</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Pavarotti Gala Concert</title> <artist>Luciano Pavarotti</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>DECCA</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1991</year> </cd> <cd> <title>The dock of the bay</title> <artist>Otis Redding</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Atlantic</company> <price>7.90</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Picture book</title> <artist>Simply Red</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>Elektra</company> <price>7.20</price> <year>1985</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Red</title> <artist>The Communards</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>London</company> <price>7.80</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Unchain my heart</title> <artist>Joe Cocker</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>EMI</company> <price>8.20</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> </catalog>
With the help of XSLT, we can easily transform element-based data into attribute-based data. Several points to notice in the XSLT code:
- child selector
child:: - element name
name() - element text
text() - dynamic attribute name
{name()}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
<catalog>
<xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
<cd>
<xsl:for-each select="child::*">
<xsl:attribute name="{name(.)}">
<xsl:value-of select="text()"/>
</xsl:attribute>
</xsl:for-each>
</cd>
</xsl:for-each>
</catalog>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Result: the attribute-based data.
<catalog>
<cd title="Empire Burlesque" artist="Bob Dylan" country="USA" company="Columbia" price="10.90" year="1985" />
<cd title="Hide your heart" artist="Bonnie Tyler" country="UK" company="CBS Records" price="9.90" year="1988" />
<cd title="Greatest Hits" artist="Dolly Parton" country="USA" company="RCA" price="9.90" year="1982" />
<cd title="Still got the blues" artist="Gary Moore" country="UK" company="Virgin records" price="10.20" year="1990" />
<cd title="Eros" artist="Eros Ramazzotti" country="EU" company="BMG" price="9.90" year="1997" />
<cd title="One night only" artist="Bee Gees" country="UK" company="Polydor" price="10.90" year="1998" />
<cd title="Sylvias Mother" artist="Dr.Hook" country="UK" company="CBS" price="8.10" year="1973" />
<cd title="Maggie May" artist="Rod Stewart" country="UK" company="Pickwick" price="8.50" year="1990" />
<cd title="Romanza" artist="Andrea Bocelli" country="EU" company="Polydor" price="10.80" year="1996" />
<cd title="When a man loves a woman" artist="Percy Sledge" country="USA" company="Atlantic" price="8.70" year="1987" />
<cd title="Black angel" artist="Savage Rose" country="EU" company="Mega" price="10.90" year="1995" />
<cd title="1999 Grammy Nominees" artist="Many" country="USA" company="Grammy" price="10.20" year="1999" />
<cd title="For the good times" artist="Kenny Rogers" country="UK" company="Mucik Master" price="8.70" year="1995" />
<cd title="Big Willie style" artist="Will Smith" country="USA" company="Columbia" price="9.90" year="1997" />
<cd title="Tupelo Honey" artist="Van Morrison" country="UK" company="Polydor" price="8.20" year="1971" />
<cd title="Soulsville" artist="Jorn Hoel" country="Norway" company="WEA" price="7.90" year="1996" />
<cd title="The very best of" artist="Cat Stevens" country="UK" company="Island" price="8.90" year="1990" />
<cd title="Stop" artist="Sam Brown" country="UK" company="A and M" price="8.90" year="1988" />
<cd title="Bridge of Spies" artist="T`Pau" country="UK" company="Siren" price="7.90" year="1987" />
<cd title="Private Dancer" artist="Tina Turner" country="UK" company="Capitol" price="8.90" year="1983" />
<cd title="Midt om natten" artist="Kim Larsen" country="EU" company="Medley" price="7.80" year="1983" />
<cd title="Pavarotti Gala Concert" artist="Luciano Pavarotti" country="UK" company="DECCA" price="9.90" year="1991" />
<cd title="The dock of the bay" artist="Otis Redding" country="USA" company="Atlantic" price="7.90" year="1987" />
<cd title="Picture book" artist="Simply Red" country="EU" company="Elektra" price="7.20" year="1985" />
<cd title="Red" artist="The Communards" country="UK" company="London" price="7.80" year="1987" />
<cd title="Unchain my heart" artist="Joe Cocker" country="USA" company="EMI" price="8.20" year="1987" />
</catalog>
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